How Penn is reimagining research in the age of artificial intelligence
Bhuvnesh Jain and René Vidal have teamed up to create the AI x Science Fellowship, which builds on the thriving postdoctoral program of the Data Driven Discovery Initiative to foster cross-disciplinary collaboration among researchers across the University.
6 min. read
Bhuvnesh Jain of the School of Arts & Sciences has teamed up with PIK University Professor René Vidal of the Perelman School of Medicine and the School of Engineering and Applied Science to create the AI x Science Fellowship offering postdoctoral researchers across the University opportunities to collaborate across disciplines.
Key Takeaways
Cosmologist in the School of Arts & Sciences Bhuvnesh Jain has teamed up with René Vidal, a computer scientist and engineer and PIK University Professor in the School of Engineering and Applied Science and the Perelman School of Medicine, to launch AI x Science, a postdoctoral research fellowship that fosters collaboration across the University.
AI x Science brings together postdocs from Penn Engineering, Penn Arts & Sciences, and, more recently, Penn Medicine. Each researcher is selected through a competitive application identifying dual mentors in AI or machine learning and a scientific domain to accelerate discovery via weekly lunches, mixers, co-hosted seminars, and access to campus research centers and computational resources.
By leveraging Penn’s depth in both technical and domain expertise, the program focuses on fundamental, ethically grounded AI questions beyond immediate commercial applications. It seeks next to recruit dedicated AI-expert postdocs whose primary role will be to bridge disciplines and foster new collaborations.
In a sunlit conference room in Amy Gutmann Hall, a group of researchers convenes for a regular lunch meeting. Physicists converse with linguists, computer scientists collaborate with chemists, and psychologists speak to engineers. These postdoctoral researchers represent the University’s response to a shifting research landscape prompted by recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI).
Pointing to those gathered, Bhuvnesh Jain, who co-directs the School of Arts & Sciences’ Data Driven Discovery Initiative (DDDI) notes that “at Penn, we have a remarkable opportunity to build on our closely knit community of researchers in dozens of fields across all our Schools. Postdoctoral fellows are at the forefront of our research, and so that’s the group we are bringing together.”
Jain, a cosmologist by training, teamed up with Vidal, whose work centers around machine learning, to create AI x Science, a postdoctoral fellowship that brings together researchers from across the University in seemingly disparate domains to enhance and accelerate discovery. The selected fellows receive a small stipend, research funding, and dual mentorship, plus structured opportunities for peer engagement through weekly lunches, mixers, co‑hosted seminars, and hands‑on access to campus research centers, laboratories, and computational resources.
Co-chairs of Penn's AI council, Bhuvnesh Jain (left) and René Vidal (right), have launched the AI x Science Fellowship offering postdoctoral researchers across the University opportunities to collaborate across disciplines.
“We’re only beginning to understand how artificial intelligence might influence many fields, and this program offers a creative approach for collaboration across many of them,” says Mark Trodden, associate dean of natural sciences at the School of Arts & Sciences. “It’s the type of ingenuity that keeps the School of Arts & Sciences at the forefront of understanding a priority area like AI.”
The new program expands on the data science fellows program that Jain and DDDI co-director Greg Ridgeway, the Rebecca W. Bushnell Professor of Criminology and department chair, launched for School of Arts & Sciences postdoctoral researchers in 2021. Since then, DDDI has served as a nexus for data scientists across more than 25 departments at Penn Arts & Sciences, driving cross-departmental exchange of tools and techniques.
Over the last few years, this program grew to be a thriving cohort of close to 15 postdocs from across the natural and social sciences. In 2025, it has expanded to include over 20 participants with the addition of postdocs from Penn Engineering and, more recently, from the Perelman School of Medicine, through a new partnership with Marylyn Ritchie, vice dean for AI at Penn Medicine, and Li Shen, professor of informatics in biostatistics and epidemiology. The fellows from Penn Medicine are supported by the Institute for Biomedical Informatics.
Colin Twomey is the executive director of Data Driven Discovery Initiative and a former postdoctoral researcher in Penn Arts & Science who oversees the AI x Science fellowship.
“What’s great is when there’s some reason to bring postdocs together that have become experts in small pieces of AI,” explains Kieran Murphy, who is in the inaugural AI x Science cohort and a postdoctoral researcher in Dani Bassett’s Complex Systems Lab. “There’s this knowledge sharing: an awareness of what can be done that just sort of speeds up the spreading of that knowledge.”
Colin Twomey, the executive director of DDDI and a former postdoctoral researcher in Penn Arts & Science who oversees the AI x Science fellowship, notes that these regular gatherings serve as a crucial mixing point. “The postdocs get together on a Tuesday at noon to have lunch, but not only to have lunch,” he says. “There is either a faculty member from different areas of science or engineering that gets invited, or the other format is that postdocs themselves speak about what they do and have a conversation with a technical audience outside their field. We’re building a cycle where novel applications spur new AI developments, and those AI developments enable even broader applications. It creates an environment unlike traditional academic research.”
“The typical postdoc experience is that you are recruited by a faculty member and you work with that faculty member for two or three years in preparation for the next leg of your career journey,” explains Jain, the Walter H. and Leonore C. Annenberg Professor in the Natural Sciences in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at Penn Arts & Sciences. “But there isn’t the kind of experience in which there’s a group of postdocs that just hang out together, explore ideas, and meet weekly to explore possibilities for collaboration outside their thin slice of the universe. Postdocs can be kind of isolated, and we want to change that.”
Playing to Penn’s strengths
Rather than going toe to toe with industry giants on their terms, the program seeks to leverage the University’s unique strengths. “Should we in academia compete for the latest and greatest with industry, or should we be ahead of the curve and try to look for areas that the University is going to have a huge impact, but industry will not necessarily care yet?” asks Vidal, the Rachleff University Professor with joint appointments in the Perelman School of Medicine and Penn Engineering.
Mark Trodden currently serves as associate dean for the natural sciences and the Fay R. and Eugene L. Langberg Professor of Physics in the School of Arts & Sciences, and is the co-director of the Center for Particle Cosmology. Trodden has been named dean of the School of Arts & Sciences and the Thomas S. Gates Jr. Professor at the University of Pennsylvania, effective June 1.
The answer lies in focusing on fundamental questions that may not have immediate commercial applications. “If you’re interested in questions of trustworthy AI—if you’re interested in questions of the social impact of AI developments—then no company currently has the depth of sociologists and psychologists and students of business, along with the AI experts,” adds Jain.
“My personal view is that academics need to wrestle back some of the control—not literal control—but by shaping the narrative around AI and how it can help build a better future for humanity,” says Jain.
Much of the work on AI from the 1950s to around the early 2010s was in academia, but in the last few years, it’s really industry that has been driving things, explains Vidal. “In most industrial applications of AI, the idea of using AI just for the sake of discovery is not necessarily a business proposition … that’s what makes a difference between academia and industry,” notes Vidal. He says that companies, by necessity, focus on research that can lead to products or profits in the foreseeable future, while universities can cast a wider net.
Jain and Vidal acknowledge that some of the best AI minds have been scooped up by industry in recent years, but they’re betting that the intellectual riches of the new program will outweigh some aspects of the tech sector research and prepare the postdocs for a rapidly changing future.
Looking ahead
The early success of the AI x Science fellowship has already sparked plans for growth. This year, the program has grown to include postdoctoral researchers from the Perelman School of Medicine, with Wharton AI fellows expected to join in the fall. Eric Bradlow, vice dean of AI and analytics at Wharton, has been an enthusiastic partner in enabling this next step. Jain, Vidal, Ritchie, and Bradlow are part of Penn’s AI Council, which was assembled by Vice Provost for Research Dawn Bonnell and aims to develop campus-wide initiatives for AI.
“It’s a natural next step for a university that thrives on collaboration,” Jain says. “The fellowship started by connecting AI and the sciences within Penn, and the vision is to keep extending that network across more fields. Our aim is to reach all the schools and launch the ‘Penn AI fellowship.’”
This would create a “data science hub” where postdocs can dedicate a portion of their time to helping researchers across the university apply AI techniques to their data. “I am a biologist. I have a ton of data, but I don't know machine learning or AI,” Vidal explains as a hypothetical scenario. “If the data science hub has some postdocs, they are doing their main research, but they can dedicate maybe just 20% of their time to these projects.”
And beyond that, Jain and Vidal seek to soon recruit postdocs with expertise in AI for the explicit purpose of bridging collaborations. They acknowledge that this will demand significant resources but remain proud of the program’s achievements to date and are optimistic about its potential to keep growing.
Penn engineers and collaborators have developed a transparent, micro-engineered device that houses a living, vascularized model of human lung cancer—a “tumor on a chip”—and show that the diabetes drug vildagliptin helps more CAR T cells break through the tumor’s defenses and attack it effectively.
Tumor-on-a-chip offers insight into cancer-fighting cells in immunotherapy
Penn engineers and collaborators have built a living tumor on a chip to expose how cancers block immune attacks, and how one existing drug could make immunotherapy like CAR T more effective against solid tumors.
Professor of city and regional planning Erick Guerra recently published a book exploring the economic and societal impacts of American highways. He explains some of the pitfalls associated with an ever-expansive highway system, arguing that spending more on highways might not be the solution to the country’s transportation issues.
Penn urban planner Erick Guerra’s new book, “Overbuilt,” argues that additional spending on building more highways might not be the solution to the country’s transportation issues. In a Q&A, Guerra shares his insights.
Xin Sun prepares samples collected from the Eastern Tropical North Pacific aboard a research vessel. By adding stable isotope tracers to these vials, Sun and her team can track how different microbial groups convert nitrogen compounds into nitrous oxide, revealing how subtle shifts in oxygen and organic matter change the ocean’s chemistry.
Can tiny ocean organisms offer the key to better climate modeling?
In the shadowy layers of the Pacific, microbes decide how much nitrous oxide—a potent greenhouse gas—rises skyward. New research from Penn’s Xin Sun offers an improved understanding of microbial ecology and geochemistry—key to forecasting global emissions in response to natural and man-made climate change.
Two X-ray plates from Arthur Goodspeed, believed to have created the world’s first X-ray image, were donated by his family to Penn’s University Archives.
