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Dr. MacDonald works on a variety of topics in criminology, including the study of crime and violence; race and ethnic disparities in criminal justice; and the effect of public policy responses on crime. Recent work has looked at the effect of greening vacant lots, finding that neighborhoods where such lots were cleaned up experienced a 29 percent reduction in gun violence and 7 percent reduction in fatal and nonfatal shootings. He is also part of the Penn Injury Science Center, which performs research, provides training, and translates scientific discoveries into practice and policy.