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Calcium Connections: Penn Researchers Discover Basic Pathway for Maintaining Cell’s Fuel Stores
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine researchers have described a previously unknown biological mechanism in cells that prevents them from cannibalizing themselves for fuel. The mechanism involves the fuel used by cells under normal conditions and relies on an ongoing transfer of calcium between two cell components via an ion channel. Without this transfer, cells start consuming themselves as a way of to get enough energy.
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Rescuing Fruit Flies from Alzheimer’s Disease
Investigators have found that fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) males -- in which the activity of an Alzheimer’s disease protein is reduced by 50 percent -- show impairments in learning and memory as they age. What’s more, the researchers were able to prevent the age-related deficits by treating the flies with drugs such as lithium, or by genetic manipulations that reduced nerve-cell signaling.Click here to view the full release.
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Penn Researchers Discover New Role for Master Regulator in Cell Metabolism, Response to Stress
AMP-activated protein kinase, or AMPK, is a master regulator protein of metabolism that is conserved from yeast to humans. When a cell is low on fuel, AMPK shuts down processes that use energy and turns on processes that produce energy.Biologists have been studying how AMPK works for several decades and know that once it is activated, AMPK turns on a large number of genes by passing the "make more energy" message through numerous signaling cascades in the cell. What was not known, until now, was that AMPK also works via an epigenetic mechanism to slow down or stop cell growth.
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Fouls Go Left: Soccer Referees May Be Biased Based on Play’s Direction of Motion
Soccer referees may have an unconscious bias towards calling fouls based on a play’s direction of motion, according to a new study. Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that soccer experts made more foul calls when action moved right-to-left, or leftward, compared to rightward action, suggesting that two referees watching the same play from different vantage points may be inclined to make a different call.
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Penn Geneticist Named 2010 Pew Scholar in the Biomedical Sciences
The Pew Charitable Trusts named Zhaolan (Joe) Zhou, PhD, assistant professor of Genetics at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, as a 2010 Pew Scholar in the Biomedical Sciences. The program enables scientists to take calculated risks, expand their research and explore unanticipated leads.
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Penn’s Harvey Rubin to Participate in International “Peace and Security Summit” in New York
PHILADELPHIA -– Harvey Rubin, executive director of the Institute for Strategic Threat Analysis and Response at the University of Pennsylvania, will be among the international experts participating in “Peace and Security Summit” June 30–July 1 in New York.
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Penn Epidemiology Professor Awarded Individual Recognition Award by College of Physicians
Shiriki Kumanyika, PhD, MPH, professor of Epidemiology, has received an individual recognition award by the College of Physicians of Philadelphia, section on Public Health and Preventive Medicine, for her leadership role in shaping Healthy People 2020.
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Jumping Genes Provide Extensive “Raw Material” for Evolution, Penn Study Finds
PHILADELPHIA - Using high-throughput sequencing to map the locations of a common type of jumping gene within a person’s entire genome, researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found extensive variation in these locations among the individuals they studied, further underscoring the role of these errant genes in maintaining genetic diversity.
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Penn Researchers Add Genetic Data to Archaeology and Linguistics to Get Picture of African Population History
PHILADELPHIA –- Genetic researchers from the University of Pennsylvania have combined data from existing archaeological and linguistic studies of Africa with human genetic data to shed light on the demographic history of the continent from which all human activity emerged.The study reveals not just a clearer picture of the continent’s history but also the importance of having independent lines of evidence in the interpretation of genetic and genomic data in the reconstruction of population histories.
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Penn School of Medicine Teaching Awards Announced
PHILADELPHIA – Teaching awards for the 2009-2010 academic year have been announced by the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine.The honorees are:• Leonard Berwick Memorial Teaching Award -- Peter Crino and Bruce Sachais.