How plants ‘hedge their bets’ for better reproductive outcomes
Penn biologists reveal how plants respond to seasonal flowering cues while protecting the stem cells at their growing tip, enabling continuous reproduction in changing environments.
(Pictured) An artist’s depiction of a single cell moving through the nanofabricated mictostrucures biophysicist Arnold Mathijssen’s team used to study E. coli.
(Image: Courtesy of Ruoshui Liu/Cylos Studio)
Lifesaving breakthrough in bacterial behavior
Bacteria can actively swim upstream, leading to severe infections in places like the urinary tract and respiratory system and contamination of medical devices like catheters. Biophysicist Arnold Mathijssen and colleagues have uncovered how and why this happens, revealing that E. coli actually “thrives under pressure.” Their findings point to new strategies for designing safer, more effective biomedical tools and treatments.
Wall Street rides an AI-fueled rally that has pushed major indices to new highs that’s driven largely by a handful of dominant tech firms. As enthusiasm around artificial intelligence reshapes markets and concentrates risk, questions are mounting about whether the surge reflects durable growth or the familiar shape of a speculative bubble. Wharton finance crises expert Itay Goldstein explains how bubbles form, why they can be so dangerous, and what today’s AI boom shares—and does not—with past market madness like the one described in “The Big Short.”
(Image: Getty / Spencer Platt)
Is there an AI bubble and what happens if it bursts?
Wharton’s Itay Goldstein discusses financial bubbles, the mechanics of betting against them, and the risks facing the AI boom.
Biologist Mia Levine and colleagues have demonstrated how a pair of essential protein partners undergo rapid evolutionary change to counter fast-evolving parasitic DNA while maintaining core cellular functions. The work presents novel insight into how evolution works at the molecular level.
(Image: Getty images/Joao Paulo Burini)
Evolution at a molecular level
Research led by Mia Levine shows how a vital DNA protection protein complex adapts to new threats without compromising essential functions.
An ‘illuminating’ design sheds light on cholesterol
High levels of cholesterol are linked to heart disease, stroke, and many other health problems. However, this complex and vital fatty, water insoluble molecule—a lipid—is found in every cell of the body and is not all bad news. It also regulates crucial processes that science has yet to map.
Penn researchers will receive two of four grants awarded this year by the Charles E. Kaufman Foundation in support of interdisciplinary collaboration aimed at developing novel approaches to fundamental scientific questions.
A serendipitous find leads to lifesaving discoveries
A Penn-led team has revealed a how hydralazine, one of the world’s oldest blood pressure drugs and a mainstay treatment for preeclampsia, works at the molecular level. In doing so, they made a surprising discovery—it can also halt the growth of aggressive brain tumors.
A massive chunk of ice, a new laser, and new information on sea-level rise
For nearly a decade, Leigh Stearns and collaborators aimed a laser scanner system at Greenland’s Helheim Glacier. Their long-running survey reveals that Helheim’s massive calving events don’t behave the way scientists once thought, reframing how ice loss contributes to sea-level rise.
Professor of city and regional planning Erick Guerra recently published a book exploring the economic and societal impacts of American highways. He explains some of the pitfalls associated with an ever-expansive highway system, arguing that spending more on highways might not be the solution to the country’s transportation issues.
(Image: Courtesy of Getty / peeterv)
Why aren’t America’s national roadways working?
Penn urban planner Erick Guerra’s new book, “Overbuilt,” argues that additional spending on building more highways might not be the solution to the country’s transportation issues. In a Q&A, Guerra shares his insights.
Penn engineers and collaborators have developed a transparent, micro-engineered device that houses a living, vascularized model of human lung cancer—a “tumor on a chip”—and show that the diabetes drug vildagliptin helps more CAR T cells break through the tumor’s defenses and attack it effectively.
(Image: Courtesy of Dan Huh)
Tumor-on-a-chip offers insight into cancer-fighting cells in immunotherapy
Penn engineers and collaborators have built a living tumor on a chip to expose how cancers block immune attacks, and how one existing drug could make immunotherapy like CAR T more effective against solid tumors.
