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Evolution

More than skin deep: A molecular and mechanistic look at pigmentation variation
Two men sitting and smiling for a photgraph

PIK Professor Sarah Tishkoff led a collaborative team of researchers who have discovered key insights into the molecular basis of skin color differences among Africans. “There’s so much genetic diversity in African populations, but they’ve also been historically underrepresented in studies,” Tishkoff says. “Our findings offer more information on these populations and paint a clearer picture of human evolution.”

(Image: Courtesy of Sarah Tishkoff and Alessia Ranciaro)

More than skin deep: A molecular and mechanistic look at pigmentation variation

A new collaborative study offers a better understanding of genes and variants responsible for skin color, providing insights into human evolution and local adaptation.
Neanderthals carried genes acquired from ancient interactions with ‘cousins’ of modern humans
Researchers collecting ethnographic and medical information from participants in Ethiopia.

Members of Tishkoff's research team collecting ethnograpgic information from participants in Ethiopia.

(Image: Courtesy of Sarah Tishkoff)

Neanderthals carried genes acquired from ancient interactions with ‘cousins’ of modern humans

A new collaborative study led by Sarah Tishkoff shows that Neanderthals inherited at least 6% of their genome from a now-extinct lineage of early modern humans.
Conflicts and cultural evolution: All for one and one for all?
A crowd of people viewed from above.

Image: iStock/cosmin4000

Conflicts and cultural evolution: All for one and one for all?

Researchers from the School of Arts & Sciences show that, when it comes to learning and honing different skills, what’s better for the individual isn’t always better for the group.

Liana F. Wait

The evolution of societal cooperation
Graphic ilustration of people holding hands in a concentric circle formation.

Image: iStock/melitas

The evolution of societal cooperation

Research led by the School of Arts & Sciences’ Joshua Plotkin and Taylor Kessinger sheds light on the impact of social contexts and multilayered societies on promoting cooperative behavior.
How species partnerships evolve
colorful coral reef with sun shining through the water

nocred

How species partnerships evolve

Biologists from the School of Arts & Sciences explored how symbiotic relationships between species evolve to become specific or general, cooperative, or antagonistic.

Katherine Unger Baillie

An arms race that plays out in a single genome
Illustration of Alice in Wonderland chasing the Red Queen

Like Alice furiously running to keep up with the Red Queen, but remaining in one place, two genetic elements in the fruit fly genome are engaged in an evolutionary arms race to simply keep the biological status quo, according to new research by Penn scientists. (Image: John Tenniel in Lewis Carroll’s Through the Looking Glass)

An arms race that plays out in a single genome

School of Arts & Sciences biologist Mia Levine and Cara Brand, a postdoc, shed light on an example of coevolution in fruit flies that has implications for human health.

Katherine Unger Baillie

Rapid adaptation in fruit flies
Fruit fly perched on a plant stem

In a controlled field experiment on Penn’s campus, biologists tracked fruit fly evolution over the course of four months, documenting some of the fastest rates of adaptation ever in animals. (Image: Seth Rudman)

Rapid adaptation in fruit flies

New findings from School of Arts & Sciences biologists show that evolution—normally considered to be a gradual process—can occur in a matter of weeks in fruit flies in response to natural environmental change.

Katherine Unger Baillie

Context-dependent behavior can make cooperation flourish
People work together to solve a puzzle

New investigations into cooperation by Penn researchers are illuminating the role that different social settings can have on the spread of prosocial behavior.

Context-dependent behavior can make cooperation flourish

Recent studies led by School of Arts & Sciences’ researchers show that changing social strategies between settings—for example, cooperating at home but not at work—can in fact lead to more cooperative behavior in a society.

Katherine Unger Baillie

From corals to humans, a shared trigger for sperm to get in motion
coral diving

With coral reefs under threat from climate change, pollutants, sedimentation, and other factors, Barott and colleagues hope to continue investigating how such challenges may influence coral reproduction and persistence. (Image: Courtesy of Kelsey Speer)

From corals to humans, a shared trigger for sperm to get in motion

Coral sperm require a specific pH to move, according to research from the School of Arts & Sciences, which identifies a signaling pathway that is shared by organisms including humans. The results inform how corals may fare with climate change.

Katherine Unger Baillie